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Excessive reactive power

HOW POWER FACTOR CORRECTION CAN SOLVE EXCESSIVE REACTIVE POWER

Excessive reactive power can have a significant impact on the electrical system, causing inefficiencies, increased energy costs and potential penalties from electricity suppliers. Many industrial and commercial facilities overlook the importance of maintaining a power factor high, which directly affects energy consumption and equipment life.

Implementing power factor correction is a strategic solution that not only helps reduce potential financial penalties, but also improves energy efficiency, power quality and overall system reliability.

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THE FOUR KEY REASONS WHY YOU SHOULD ASSESS THE POWER FACTOR OF YOUR SYSTEM AND TAKE THE RIGHT CORRECTION MEASURES

 

Aligning with Electricity Authority regulations

The Authorities have required electricity distribution companies to apply financial penalties to companies that have a power factor below the minimum permitted limit (generally 0.95).

 

Economic advantages

The elimination of bill penalties, the reduction in the size of power components, and the increase in their service life are substantial economic benefits for companies.

 

Increasing energy efficiency

Power factor correction reduces the ‘unnecessary’ inductive currents required by loads, which have a negative impact on the entire electricity grid chain: generation, transmission and distribution. Power factor correction provides an essential contribution to the energy efficiency, both of the user’s electric plant and of the electric network as a whole.

 

Improving energy quality

Power factor correction technology reduces voltage drops and, if well sized, attenuates the risk of resonances that cause annoying current distortions. In the case of plants supplied with MV, the power factor correction makes it possible to reduce the overload of the MV/LV transformer, avoiding risks of distortion of secondary voltage.

REACTIVE POWER GUIDE

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POWER FACTOR CORRECTION SYSTEM: SELECTION CRITERIA

Choosing the size of the power factor correction equipment is preceded by an accurate preliminary assessment of the plant’s design data and, where possible, an analysis of the electricity bills.

The type of power factor correction must be chosen depending on the harmonic distortion rate of the plant’s current (THDIR%) and the ratio between reactive power (in kvar) of the power factor correction equipment to be installed and the apparent power (in kVA) of the MV/LV transformer.

Use our power factor correction calculator to find the most suitable capacitor bank power for your needs.

Standard power factor correction

Standard power factor correction is used in plants that do not have either strongly deformed currents nor resonance issues. If, in the plant, the presence of harmonic distortions is sensitive, we recommend the solutions with strengthened capacitors.

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Detuned power factor correction

Power factor correction with blocking inductors is used when a current with a high harmonic content (THD) circulates in the electrical plant and/or in the presence of a high risk of resonances with the MV/LV transformer.

In these cases, in fact, the installation of power factor correction equipment without barrier inductors can cause a rapid degradation of the capacitors and cause dangerous electrical and mechanical stresses in the plant’s power components. The barrier inductors protect the capacitors from harmonic distortions and exclude the risk of resonances, leaving, however, the harmonic content of the plant’s current unaltered.

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IMPROVING SYSTEM PERFORMANCE WITH POWER FACTOR CORRECTION

Apart from any immediate financial benefits, power factor correction plays a key role in enhancing overall system performance, ensuring that electrical equipment operates in optimal conditions, reducing wear and tear and extending the life of electrical components.

In addition, the correct power factor reduces the likelihood of overheating and potential failures, contributing to a more reliable and safer operating environment. These improvements reduce maintenance costs and downtime, making power factor correction an essential investment for industries.

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AND SUSTAINABILITY

Improving the power factor of the plant not only brings economic benefits but also contributes to environmental sustainability. Efficient energy use results in reduced carbon emissions, in line with global efforts to combat climate change.

Reducing unnecessary energy consumption minimises the environmental footprint and promotes a greener corporate image.

COMPLIANCE AND SAFETY FOR THE FUTURE

Compliance with power factor regulatory standards is crucial to avoid financial penalties. Energy authorities in many countries are tightening efficiency regulations, making power factor correction a key strategy for the future.

By ensuring compliance with current and future standards, companies can secure long-term savings and optimise their energy infrastructure.